Thursday, 10 September 2015

Education Readings - for creative teachers who want to fight back



By Allan Alach


I welcome suggested articles, so if you come across a gem, email it to me at allanalach@inspire.net.nz

When Knowledge Is Unforgettable: Adults remember more of what they learned in school than they think they do.
“Education-policy debates tend to focus on structural issues—things like teacher quality, licensure requirements, and laws governing charter schools. But research on human memory indicates that academic content and the way it is sequenced—i.e., curriculum—are vital determinants of educational outcomes, and they’re aspects that receive insufficient attention. In other words, perhaps what matters most after all isn’t mental exercise.”

Bedtime Stories for Young Brains
“The different levels of brain activation, he said, suggest that children who have more practice in developing those visual images, as they look at picture books and listen to stories, may develop skills that will help them make images and stories out of words later on.”

Taking Notes: Is The Pen Still Mightier Than the Keyboard?
This topic has been covered in earlier readings but is worth revisiting, especially as it ends up discussing the use of images in note taking - the obvious connection being Tony Buzan’s Mind Maps.
“While unconventional, drawing as note-taking makes sense based on memory research, which shows that if multiple ideas can be condensed into an image, the brain stores all those related ideas as one. The image acts as a zip drive for multiple ideas, helping to fit more into the limited short term memory.”

Want to Reform Education? Let Teachers Teach.
Not rocket science, is it?
“Tinkering with assessments is just rearranging the deck furniture on the titanic failure of education reform. Real education reform will come when, and only when, we address poverty, fund schools properly and honor the teaching profession with good pay and the respect teachers deserve.”

Why young kids need less class time — and more play time — at school
The importance of play has been covered in a number of previous readings - here’s another excellent article.
“It seems counter-intuitive to think that less classroom time and more outdoor play would lead to a better education for kids. But longer time on task doesn’t equate to better results, only greater burnout. For years, educators have tried different unsuccessful strategies – more testing, more instruction– to reverse these trends. The answer, however, is not more class time. It’s more play.”

What do Students Lose by Being Perfect? Valuable Failure
Teachers know this, but do parents and wider community?
“Many educators already know this, but what to do about it? Educators can play a crucial part in
helping kids to get comfortable with failure, which Lahey calls “autonomy-supportive teaching” and goes hand-in-hand with “autonomy-supportive parenting.” She says there are ways educators can encourage parents to let go, and here are a few.”

How a Moveable Space Can Ignite Creativity in the Classroom
“Rethinking learning environments will play an important role in education in the years to come. Are you rehashing old models or covering new ground? Everyone who cares deeply about education wants to find creative ways to engage the next generation of learners. The thinking about these
spaces will continue to evolve and change as we try them out and learn from these experiences. This is the design-thinking process for creating the next generation of learning environments.”

Why You Shouldn't Waste Your Time With 'Learning Styles’
This topic has been covered several times in previous lists, but it’s worth highlighting it again.
“In the future, someone may prove that learning style practices are effective. In the meantime, learning is too important to gamble with something that might work. Use methods that we know do work.”

This week’s contributions from Bruce Hammonds:

Inquiry-Based Learning in the Science Classroom 
“Beginning with a central question and driven by curiosity and personal passions, science students at Casey Middle seek answers through research, experimentation, and data analysis.”

When Educators Make Space For Play and Passion, Students Develop Purpose
“Harvard education specialist Tony Wagner has been advocating that we reinvent the education system to promote innovation for years. He’s clear that content should no longer be at the centre of school. Instead, he says a teacher’s main job should be to help
students develop key skills necessary for when they leave school. Take 15 minutes to watch his TED Talk – it would make a great staff  or parent meeting.”

Employers’ Challenge to Educators: Make School Relevant to Students’ Lives
“Business leaders and economic thinkers are worried that today’s students aren’t leaving school with the skills they’ll need to succeed in the workplace. They are looking for applicants who show individuality, confidence in their abilities, ability to identify and communicate their strengths, and who are capable of thinking on their feet.”

From Bruce’s ‘goldie oldies’ file:

'Crap detecting’
The need for a ‘crap detector’ – good advice from Ernest Hemingway.
“An interviewer once asked the late Ernest Hemingway to identify the characteristics of a great writer. The interviewer asked, ‘Isn’t there any one essential ingredient that you can identify?’ Hemingway replied, ‘Yes there is. In order to be a great writer a person must have a built in, shockproof ‘crap detector’.Hemingway identified the essential future survival strategy and the essential function of schools today. New ideas have only ever been developed when people have challenged faulty assumptions and ideas.”

Tapping into the student's world
Value students ideas
“Every student brings with them memories and ideas gained from the experiences they have had. All too often this personal form of motivation is overlooked by teachers who seem to think they have better ideas to use - their own. It is as if students come to school as blank slates ( tabula rosa) when instead they come with a wealth of ideas to share but to do their ideas need to be valued.”

Creating conditions to 'invite' growth
Create conditiopns for growth
“If teachers really thought hard about the conditions that students, as living being, need to develop their learning potential then we wouldn’t have so many disenchanted or, worse still, alienated students.We spent too much time wishing some students were different and not enough on making learning 'inviting'.According to Carol Anne Tomlinson,an American Educator, expert in differentiating learning, students care about learning when their teachers ‘invite them to learn’ by meeting their students’ needs for:‘affirmation, contribution, purpose, power and challenge in the classroom’.”

Education is about playing the whole game
“'Making Learning Whole', written by David Perkins is a book all schools ought to acquire  because it will certainty help them focus their teaching to integrate skills to ensure all their students are equipped with the dispositions to thrive in an unknown future.It is certainly aligned with the intent of the 'new' New Zealand Curriculum and provides practical ideas to implement it.”

Wednesday, 9 September 2015

Why schools shouldn't ban smartphones

I was asked to write an opinion piece for the Western Morning News earlier this week as a response to the comments from Ofsted and their advisers on the use of technology in schools. Many teachers are left wondering whether personal technologies such as smartphones actually have a place in education and what risks and threats accompany them. My view is that children can and do use technology to support their learning but they need to be guided to do so responsibly.

(It has been edited from my original longer version and can also be viewed here on the newspaper site).

When slate was replaced by paper there was a public outcry. Many complained that paper and pencils were too expensive, and that they would ruin children’s writing skills. Sound familiar?
Progress within education is not a new dilemma, and has been discussed for generations. But why is technology still a bone of contention? By its nature, it moves on while schools can be notoriously conservative places where little change happens.
As for smartphones, some claim there is no scientific evidence that technology has improved learning in schools, and I took part in a public debate almost a decade ago where this question was raised. I answered with a single phrase: “special educational needs”. Suddenly the debate was over and my opponent conceded the point.
For many children who have physical or cognitive impairment, technology doesn’t just support learning, it enables learning to happen. This is just one example. I can take you to many schools in the Plymouth area where technology is being used responsibly and creatively to engage children, enhancing, extending and enriching their learning experiences.
They use smartphones and tablets to solve maths problems, blog to develop their creative writing skills, build robots and learn how to code. These are new forms of literacy I didn’t learn in school, but they are transferable skills that will be needed in the future, when our children enter a world of work significantly different from today.
Many children have a natural affinity with technology. They bring their smartphones into the classroom, and will use them whether schools ban them or not. Teachers are wary of the darker side of mobile phones. They worry about children accessing dangerous content, or using cameras to send each other images they wouldn’t want their parents to see.
Recently there have also been warnings from Ofsted that mobile phones are distracting children from their lessons. These are reasonable concerns. Children are easily distracted by texting in class, but to completely ban smartphones in schools is short-sighted, and ignores a fundamental truth of our present society. Like it or not, we are surrounded by technology, and it isn’t going away.
Technology is neutral until used for a specific purpose, good or for bad. We shouldn’t blame smartphones for the way they are used. Instead it would be wise to harness the power of these tools for learning and teach children to use them responsibly. Children need to be taught from an early age about acceptable use, and every school should include digital citizenship in its curriculum. This would go a long way to addressing the problem.
At an education conference in New Zealand a few years ago a primary school principal in my audience said: “We don’t allow the Internet in our school. There are too many dangers.” My response was: “So you don’t teach your children to safely cross the road either – because that’s also dangerous?”
Technology has its dangers. But surely school is the safest place for children to learn how to use technology? It is a controlled environment where they can ask questions and discover for themselves what to avoid. If schools don’t manage this process, children will learn how to use technology in their bedrooms or behind the bike sheds. But to what dangers might they be exposed, and who will know to help them?
Teaching should never be led by technology, but technology can influence change. Arthur C Clarke, the science fiction writer, once commented: “Any teacher who can be replaced by a computer, should be.”
Teachers should not simply deliver content. Indeed, there is evidence that teachers’ roles are changing because of technology. Many encourage students to drive their own education, and the technology supports this independent learning.
As students take more responsibility, teachers adopt the roles of questioner, coach and facilitator. The teacher becomes a guide, a mentor in the room for when children need expert help. Teachers will not be replaced by technology, but teachers who use technology will probably replace those who don’t.
When smartphones are used appropriately, learning can continue beyond the walls of the classroom. Children can learn on the move, because they have a connection to their course work and to their teacher and peers through their phone – if the school allows it. Ban them, and the opportunities are more limited. Learning doesn’t need to be confined to school hours. If their experience is exciting and motivating, children will want to continue learning long after the school bell. A passion for learning is the best preparation for the future.
Technology is like water to a fish. It surrounds us, and we rarely notice it, but we use it all the time. Instead of keeping children away from the water, we should teach them to swim. Any alternative would be unthinkable.
Photo by Anthony Kelly on Flickr
Creative Commons License
Why schools shouldn't ban smartphones by Steve Wheeler was written in Manchester, England and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.

Sunday, 6 September 2015

Kowhai and Whitebait mini integrated units

Get students to observational drawing


Research the Tui
Graph average number of seeds in pods
When I was a school science adviser helping teachers make use of the immediate natural environment was and important aspect of my job. Then as  a teacher making use of the immediate environment was a feature of my classroom.

 In later years ( still a long time ago) ,as a school principal, I used to pass out to teachers ideas for environmental studies.



One  of the most valuable handouts were ideas to make use of the spring flowering of the Kowhai one of New Zealand's iconic trees. 

What would be others?

As it is in full flower at present there may be New Zealand teachers who might find the ideas useful

An adult iuanga - whitebait

Another useful idea was studying whitebait.

As it is  currently the whitebait season and they make a relevant natural science and sustainability study.
An interesting life cycle

Be interesting to research other animal with interesting life cycles - eels for example.

Be interesting to do an  environmental audit of your school  to note possible  studies.

Spring bulbs and flowers are other good study ideas.

Such studies  were once a common feature of New Zealand schools.

Saturday, 5 September 2015

5 survival tips for new university students

Some of my students studying together
Here's some advice for all students who are about to start university. You have probably just left school, and at first you may experience a few difficulties adjusting to university life.

Everything will be new. You may feel a bit lost. You may be far from home. There will be unfamiliar things you will need to remember. You will meet lots of new people. University may feel like an alien environment, but there are certain things you, and all other new students, should do if you really want to make a success of your time in higher education. Here are five key things to remember:

1) Lectures. Make sure you get to your teaching sessions on time - try not to miss anything if you can help it. Make sure you get to know your campus. When you're there, don't look as though you're bored in lectures and seminars (even if you are). Not all lectures are engaging - even though they should be! - but every session has been designed to give you the best chance to get good grades in your assignments and exams. Don't start packing up your books and laptops as the clock ticks toward the top of the hour. Spend as much time as you can immersed in your subject and gain a passion for it. It will pay off in the end.

2) Tutors. Your lecturer/professor is not your mate, so don't treat them as though they are. When you compose an e-mail, be professional. I dislike e-mails from my students that say 'hey steve', or 'yo prof' as though I'm a room mate. Show due respect, avoid over familiarity, and your lecturer will be more inclined to go the extra mile to support you if they can. Similarly, don't disrespect your lecturer online on social media sites, even if your account is protected/closed. If more than one person can read your posts, they are public. Rude remarks on social media have a habit of getting back to those you have written about.

3) Friends. It's great making new friends and going out for drinks, and university can be a lot of fun. You will need to chill out now and then, and there are plenty of great social activities and societies you can be involved in. But remember why you are there - to learn, to study, to get a good degree. So don't waste all your time in the bar, or out with your mates. Most former students would agree that working hard is the biggest secret to graduating. Put enough hours into mastering your subject, and you are more likely to be successful.

With some of my Czech, German and Polish students
4) Assignments. Don't try to take short cuts. Many students panic when assignment deadlines are approaching.  Some search online, and then copy and paste text into their assignments to pad them out, trying to catch up on time they may have wasted. This is called plagiarism - especially if you don't acknowledge the sources - and if you are caught cheating (which more often than not you are - it's usually not that hard to detect), the penalty can be severe. At the very least, you'll face the ignominy of sitting in front of a disciplinary panel, at worst you could be thrown off the course. It's not worth the risk. Manage your time effectively and you won't run out of time.

5) Fun. Enjoy your learning. You chose your subject for a reason - just make sure it is the right reason. You will be in university for 3 years (or more), so get used to being a student! However, studying for a degree isn't only about your subject, it's also about acquiring other skills too. Doing your degree is a wonderful journey, and you will discover a lot more about yourself than you ever thought was possible. You will find out exactly what your limits are, and this will be great preparation for the rest of your time on this planet.

I wish you every success in your studies!

Photos: Steve Wheeler

Creative Commons License
5 survival tips for new university students by Steve Wheeler was written in Plymouth, England and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.

Friday, 4 September 2015

Selfie number 1

In this series of short posts, I'm writing about my top ten selfies (including elsies and photobombs) with people who have inspired me or have influenced my thinking. Previous selfie posts can also be viewed on this blog.

So here it is - my number one 'selfie' - a picture of me alongside the legendary Apple Computer inventor Steve Wozniak. I happened to wander into the speaker's lounge during a learning technology conference in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and there he was, sat preparing to give his keynote. I kind of knew he would be there, because he was scheduled to keynote the conference that morning, and it was the place all speakers prepared before they took to the stage. There was no-one else in the room at the time, and I walked over to introduce myself. He stood up and shook my hand, and then we sat down and enjoyed a one-on-one conversation that lasted about 10 to 15 minutes before anyone else came into the room to interrupt. My conversation with him is captured here. I asked him about the early days of Apple and his first meeting with Steve Jobs. He told me they knew nothing about what they were doing when they first set up the companym, except that their roles were clearly defined. Jobs was actually the business head behind Apple and had nothing to do with the design of the computers, which was solely Woz's domain. It turned out that Jobs' entreprenuerial acumen and Wozniak's innovative engineering skills were the perfect combination for one of the most successful and valuable companies the world has ever seen. What would you have asked Woz if you had a similar opportunity?

There is no question in my mind that Steve Wozniak has probably influenced my thinking as much, if not more than anyone else in the world of learning technology. He has literally changed the world with his innovative approach to designing computers. I remember tinkering with Apple Macintosh Computers back in the late 1980s and recall thinking how much more intuitive they were than IBM systems. It was these early forays into computers that shaped my later career as an academic and learning technology specialist. We have Woz to thank for the hardware and software designs behind the early success of Apple Computers, and when you hear him speak about his own education experiences, and his vision for the future of learning, you will be inspired. His down to earth, simplistic, no nonsense approach to education is refreshing and insightful - and what many people don't know is that he has given a lot of his personal fortune away to support technology programmes in schools. Woz is a man who practices what he preaches, and it was a pleasure and a privilege to spend some time with him.

Photo courtesy of the ELI Conference: Saudi Ministry of Higher Education

Creative Commons License
Selfie number 1 by Steve Wheeler was written in Plymouth, England and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.

Thursday, 3 September 2015

Education Readings for creative teachers - Carol Dweck and the 'growth mindset' and banana theory.



By Allan Alach


I welcome suggested articles, so if you come across a gem, email it to me at allanalach@inspire.net.nz

I know what I like
Self determined learners
Here’s your new word for the week: heutagogy.
'We live in a rapidly changing world that requires people to have the ability to adapt much more quickly than in previous times, where events moved much more slowly. Education is not immune from these changes even though it is an inherently conservative system. In the face of significant innovation in educational practice and as espoused in self-determined learning (heutagogy) and other perspectives, there are new skills to adopted by learners and learning leaders alike.' 

Learning spaces: The subconscious teacher
Space to explore
“The spaces we inhabit have a profound effect on how we inhabit them. Space induces a particular way of feeling, of being. What are we saying to our children with we line them up in 5×8 rows facing the same direction toward a voice of authority? What do we say about desks that lock us in place, where the majority of movement within our gaze is eyes forward, eyes down?”

“Sit Still and Face Forward”: How the Myth of Teacher Control Undermines Classroom Management
Good article on that essential teacher attribute - helping children manage their behaviour.
“Because teachers are responsible for the behavior in their classrooms, we fall into the trap of believing that they (we) can control the behavior in their (our) classrooms. The reality is that no human being can control the behavior of any other human being. We can attempt to influence it, certainly. Offers of rewards or threat of punishment might influence people’s choices, as do respect, trust, and good relationships. But even young children are still able to make choices about their behavior.”

The Common Core Can't Speed Up Child Development
This article is about the USA; however it’s transferable to all countries using a standards based education system.
“Educational attainment is part of human development, and fundamentally this is
Common core doesn't suit all
a biological process that cannot be sped up. We cannot wish away our biological limitations because we find them inconvenient. Children will learn crawling, walking, listening, talking and toilet training, all in succession at developmentally appropriate ages.
Once in school, for skills that require performing a physical task, that are in what
Bloom's Taxonomy classifies as the "psychomotor domain," it is understood that
children will only learn when they are physically and developmentally ready.”

The “Mindset” Mindset
This is a must read - Alfie Kohn’s observations on Carol Dweck’s ‘growth mindset.”
“Even when a growth mindset doesn’t make things worse, it can help only so much if students have been led — by things like grades, tests, and, worst of all, competition — to become more focused on achievement than on the learning itself. Training them to think about effort more than ability does nothing to address the fact, confirmed by several educational psychologists, that too much emphasis on performance undermines intellectual engagement. Just as with praise, betting everything on a shift from ability to effort may miss what matters most.”

Carol Dweck
No Clarity Around Growth Mindset…Yet
Following on.
“So – is growth mindset the one concept in psychology which throws up gigantic effect sizes and always works? Or did Carol Dweck really, honest-to-goodness, make a pact with the Devil in which she offered her eternal soul in exchange for spectacular study results?
I don’t know. But here are a few things that predispose me towards the latter explanation. A warning – I am way out of my league here and post this only hoping it will spark further discussion.”

Affirmative Testing Blog: What Students Do With Feedback
On the other hand, here’s Annie Murphy Paul’s observations on growth mindset.
“A passing acquaintance with the notion of mindset—though an excellent start—doesn’t fully convey the richness of Dweck’s idea, however. The influence of mindset shows up in students’ thinking and behavior in so many ways, one of which I want to focus on today. That is the effect of mindset on how students handle feedback.”

Sugata Mitra and the Hole in the Research
Some weeks back Mitra published research which showed that children, using the internet, could teach themselves at a level several years above their ages.
Well, not quite …
“You’ll forgive me for not being particularly impressed by hand-picked students taking part in a test where they’re made to feel special, given a thin slice of a syllabus to work on, and then tested for that exact piece of syllabus…and then scaling up that work into a magic GCSE grade. Give me a page of quantum physics to memorise, then ask me about it. Can I have a PhD?”

This week’s contributions from Bruce Hammonds:

Start the School Year by "Awakening Your Dreamers”
Something to start the year but good for any time – awakening student dreams
“When your students return to the classroom this fall, how many will bring along the interests, talents, and dreams that inspired or delighted them over the summer months? Will they see any connection between school assignments and their own passions?”

Kids Speak Out on Student Engagement
‘A while back, I was asked, "What engages students?" Sure, I could respond, sharing anecdotes about what I believed to be engaging, but I thought it would be so much better to lob that question to my own eighth graders. The responses I received from all 220 of them seemed to fall under 10 categories, representing reoccurring themes that appeared again and again. So, from the mouths of babes, here are my students' answers to the question: "What engages students?”’

Growth Mindset: How to Normalize Mistake Making and Struggle in Class
Is there anyone out there who hasn’t heard of Carol Dweck and the idea of ‘mindsets’?
“Carol Dweck’s research on growth mindset has become essential knowledge in education circles. The Stanford psychologist found that children who understand that their brains are malleable and can change when working through challenging problems can do better in school.”

From Bruce’s ‘goldie oldies’ file:

Developing real literacy: Margaret Mahy
“Margaret Mahy, one of New Zealand’s most accomplished children’s writers says we are not changed by experiences as common wisdom has it. What changes us are the stories we tell about our experiences. ‘Unless we have formed our lives into story, structured it with words, we can’t contemplate the meaning of our lived experience’ This is done by turning the raw material of our life into stories, and in the process, ‘it can be creatively transformed and given meaning’.”

Developing natural learners
Natural born learners – before the word the experience . Have we forgotten this in our schools?
“Literacy is built out of, and from, the emotional or felt experiences children have as they play and explore their environments – preferably in the company of others and, even better, a perceptive adult.This understanding was the basis for the language arts experience that was as once such a feature of New Zealand Primary schools. The idea that early literacy should arise from children’s own thoughts from exploring their environment (and their own personal life experiences) was developed early in New Zealand.”

Tomorrows Schools had their day?
“Good people poor system' it was said when the Labour Government introduced 'Tomorrows Schools' in the mid eighties. These changes were part of the transformation of the New Zealand's
economy under an ideology that came to be known as 'Market Forces'.School changes were 'sold' to the public as a means to develop greater community democratic control and authority over schools. In reality there was no real dissatisfaction or desire to change things at the time. It was later to be seen as part of the above ideology; all about the advantages of efficiency and competition.”
Don't touch the bananas!!!!
The power of culture – learning not to touch the bananas!
“It is always amazing to see how exposure to an environment, or culture, can change how we think without us even knowing – I guess this is called conditioning. New ideas always rely on those individuals who can see reality without the blinkers.”

Selfie number 2

In this series of short posts, I'm writing about my top ten selfies (including elsies and photobombs) with people who have inspired me or have influenced my thinking. Previous selfie posts can also be viewed on this blog.

I first read Being Digital during the emergent years of the Web, when we were all discovering for ourselves how our lives would be shaped through technology. It was published in 1995, and its author, Nicholas Negroponte was establishing himself as a mover and shaker on the digital landscape. He had already founded MIT's Media Lab, and was well on the way to making sure Wired Magazine would become a must read for the tech savvy (I remain a subscriber). Eventually, he would go on to establish what arguably became him crowning achievement - the One Laptop Per Child project, which has had such wide reaching impact on global education. One of the significant statements Negroponte made in Being Digital was that everything (and he meant everything) was being transformed from atoms to bits. In other words, the world was going digital. In many ways, he was right. The entertainment world, news and media, commerce, business and communication sectors have all more or less migrated to digital format, and this is as irrevocable as it is transformative.

It was an absolute pleasure to meet Nic and spend time talking with him over dinner in London ahead of the Learning Technology conference in January 2013. He told me and our fellow diners some wonderful stories about how his work in digital media was progressing, and gave us a unique insight into the history of technology and his association with other luminaries of the digital world. You can read more about our conversation here. I brought my first edition copy of Being Digital along to the meal for him to sign. He duly obliged and his autograph added greater value to what was already one of my prized possessions.

Tomorrow: Selfie number 1

Photo by Donald Taylor

Creative Commons License
Selfie number 2 by Steve Wheeler was written in Plymouth, England and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.